PURPOSE The purpose of the High Pressure, Medium Pressure and Low Pressure Steam System is to remove water from the high pressure steam supplied to the injection wells, so that the injected steam is dry, and to produce medium pressure steam and low pressure steam for process and utility use. LEARNING OBJECTIVES State the purpose of the High Pressure, Medium…
PURPOSE The purpose of the Sludge Centrifuge system is to separate the sludge generated in the Lime Softening process into disposable dewatered sludge and reusable supernatant water. LEARNING OBJECTIVES State the purpose of the Hot Lime Softener Sludge Centrifuge system, Explain why flushing capability is built into the design of Sludge Handling equipment, Explain how a centrifuge speeds up gravity…
PURPOSE The purpose of the Sludge Handling system is to receive and hold the sludge generated in the Lime Softening process until it can be transferred to the Sludge Centrifuge for separation. LEARNING OBJECTIVES State the purpose of the Hot Lime Softener Sludge Handling system, Define a Supernatant liquid, Describe the operation of the Sludge Transfer Pump, State the purpose…
PURPOSE The purpose of the Supernatant system is to receive and hold the supernatant water recovered from the Sludge Centrifuge, and to transfer the Supernatant to the Hot Lime Softener for processing. LEARNING OBJECTIVES State the purpose of the Hot Lime Softener Supernatant system, Define Supernatant water, Describe the equipment included in the Supernatant system, Explain how the Supernatant Standpipe…
PURPOSE The purpose of Chemical Addition to the Hot Lime Softening process is to create the required chemical conditions for water softening and clarification. LEARNING OBJECTIVES State the purpose of Chemical Addition to the Hot Lime Softener, Describe how Lime, Magnesium Oxide and Flocculant chemicals are delivered to the Hot Lime Softener, State how Lime and Magnesium Oxide dust is…
PURPOSE The purpose of the Hot Lime Softener is to reduce the amounts of Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Hardness, Silica, trace oil, and other suspended solids in water destined for use as Boiler Feed Water. LEARNING OBJECTIVES State the purpose of the Hot Lime Softener, Describe the basic SAGD water cycle, State the key level that must be maintained in the…
PURPOSE The purpose of the Hot Lime Softener is to remove Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Hardness, Silica, other suspended solids, and trace Oil from water destined for use as Boiler Feed Water. LEARNING OBJECTIVES State the purpose of the Hot Lime Softener, State the three main processes that occur within the Hot Lime Softener, Name six Zones or Compartments within the…
PURPOSE The purpose of the Hot Lime Softener is to remove Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Hardness, Silica, other suspended solids, and trace Oil from water destined for use as Boiler Feed Water. LEARNING OBJECTIVES State the purpose of the Hot Lime Softener, State the three main processes that occur within the Hot Lime Softener, State the purpose of sludge recirculation, Describe…
PURPOSE The purpose of this chapter is to discuss Hydrocarbons and Hydrocarbon deposits. LEARNING OBJECTIVES Define hydrocarbons, Define Organic Chemistry, Describe the property common to hydrocarbons that makes them a dominant energy resource. And, Describe how organic matter was changed to hydrocarbon.
PURPOSE The purpose of the IGF Unit is to remove trace oil and suspended solids from the Produced Water stream prior to filtration in the Oil Removal Filters. LEARNING OBJECTIVES State the purpose of the Induced Gas Flotation unit, Explain how the IGF Produced Water flow is controlled, Describe the impact of the operating speed of the IGF Discharge Pump…
PURPOSE The purpose of this chapter is to describe the principles of Induced Gas Flotation. LEARNING OBJECTIVES State why Natural Gas is the typical choice for induction in SAGD applications, Describe the basic Induced Gas Flotation process. Describe how bubble size and oil droplet size influence separation efficiency, State the 2 common types of gas induction methods, And, State the…
PURPOSE The purpose of Ion Exchange Softening is to provide boiler feed water quality water by removing calcium and magnesium hardness. Steam generator boiler feed water specifications typically require less than 0.1 parts per million of total dissolved hardness. LEARNING OBJECTIVES State the purpose of Ion Exchange Softening, State the reason hardness ions must be removed from the steam generator…
PURPOSE The purpose of the Lift Gas System is to supply natural gas, at the required temperature and pressure, to the producer wells to help lift produced liquids to the surface. LEARNING OBJECTIVES State the purpose of the Lift Gas System. Explain how lift gas is used to stimulate well production flows. Explain the effects of insufficient or excess lift…
PURPOSE The purpose of the Lime Softener Filters is to remove any suspended solid particles carried in the softened water from the Hot Lime Softener, before the water enters the Weak Acid Cation Softener package. LEARNING OBJECTIVES State the purpose of the Lime Softener Filter package, Describe the internals of a typical Lime Softener Filter, Describe how water flow is…
PURPOSE The purpose of the Low Pressure Boiler Feed Water System is to store treated boiler feed water from the Weak Acid Cation Softener Package, and supply low pressure boiler feed water to the Steam Generators, the WAC softeners during regeneration, and for utility use. LEARNING OBJECTIVES State the purpose of the Low Pressure Boiler Feed Water system, Describe how…
PURPOSE The purpose of the Main Fuel Gas system is to provide purge, blanketing, make-up and fuel gas to the CPF process users. LEARNING OBJECTIVES State the purpose of the main fuel gas system. State why the main fuel gas flow is heated. State why the blanket gas supply to the FWKO and Treater is taken off prior to the…
PURPOSE The purpose of the Make-up Water system is to provide supplementary water for use in the Hot Lime Softener. LEARNING OBJECTIVES State the purpose of the Make-up Water system, Describe how the well Make-up Water Control Logic communicates with the facility PCS, Explain how the Logic changes the Make-up Water flow rate, Describe the Make-up Water flow recycle loop,…
PURPOSE The purpose of the mixed fuel gas separator is to remove the liquids entrained in the combined stream of fuel and process gases before it is used as fuel gas in the CPF steam generators. LEARNING OBJECTIVES State the purpose of the Mixed Fuel Gas Separator. Describe the sources of the Mixed Fuel Gas stream. State why it is…
PURPOSE The purpose of the Neutralization System is to receive the liquid regeneration waste from the Weak Acid Cation softener units, to neutralize the waste pH, and transfer the neutralized waste to the Regen Waste Disposal System. LEARNING OBJECTIVES State the purpose of the Neutralization System, Explain why the pH of regeneration waste liquid must be neutralized, State the typical…
PURPOSE The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the production of oil for commercial purposes. LEARNING OBJECTIVES Describe a basic drilled oil well, Define Conventional and Unconventional Oil, Describe Primary Oil Recovery methods, Describe Secondary Oil Recovery methods, Describe Tertiary Oil Recovery methods, And, List 5 factors that affect the Reservoir Quality.
PURPOSE The purpose of an ORF Backwash is to regenerate the ORF Filter bed by washing trapped oil and solids from the Filter media. LEARNING OBJECTIVES State the purpose of an ORF Backwash, Describe the various options used for determining when a Filter Backwash is required, And, Describe the basic steps involved in a Backwash, specifying the flows and actions…
PURPOSE The purpose of the Oil Removal Filters is to remove residual oil and solids from the Produced Water to meet specification for re-use or disposal. LEARNING OBJECTIVES State the purpose of Oil Removal Filters in a Produced Water De-oiling train, State why walnut or pecan shells are used as the filter media in an Oil Removal Filter, State the…
PURPOSE The purpose of a Once Through Steam Generator in a SAGD facility is to produce 80 percent quality high pressure steam. LEARNING OBJECTIVES State the purpose of a Once Through Steam Generator in a SAGD facility, Describe the main process and gas flows associated with the steam generator, State the purpose of the Convection Section, Radiant Section and Combustion…
Contendo's Confined Space Awareness Training Course has been designed to create a safer environment for workers who must work in or around confined spaces. Since confined spaces pose such unique hazards to human health, it is very important to follow the rules and regulations in regards to working in or around confined spaces. By taking this course, and following your…